Thanks all of you for sharing your insights. I am already looking forward to hosting the next show in September.

Извините.Я пробовала написать комментарий,но перевод мне не нравится.

Извините.Я пробовала написать комментарий,но перевод мне не нравится.

Elina, it is not the financial industry as such. It is leaders within the sector which need to step up. But not as they have always lead, nor with the same motives, values, and bottom line thinking. Follow the money, and you will get to the intention. But change the intention of the leadership through empathy, and you will create transformation. It is not about one single industry or sector. It is about creating movements within these sectors. And sustainable movements cannot be created through policy; they must be created through grassroots. Finance is a good place to create movements from a pragmatic perspective, as finances can move companies and government faster than policy can. What do you think?

There are too numerous to list but the two that could have a large scale positive impact to clean energy and carbon sequestration are carbon sequestration via superplants and perovskite solar cell. Plant biologist Joanne Chory has been working on engineering plants to absorb and retain more carbon from the air. Every year, plants and trees capture 746 gigatons of CO2 and then release 727 gigatons of CO2 back. By developing plants and trees that have bigger, deeper roots made of a natural waxy substance called suberin, that greatly increases CO2 capture and is resistant to decomposition. By encouaging plants to have bigger, deeper and more suberin-rich roots, they can store more CO2 and keep them sequestered underground for potentially for hundreds of years if long after the plants and trees on top have been destroyed by hurricanes, wild fires and natural disasters. Perovskite Solar Cell, a third generation solar cells, has been the subject of intense scientific research in recent years due to its rapid rise in efficiency, approaching Silicon’s 25 percent photoelectron conversion efficiency, and low manufacturing cost. Perovskite minerals are composed of calcium, titanium and oxygen in the form calcium titanate (CaTiO3). There are instability and toxicity issues that are still in R&D development, which scientists are optimistic in addressing as they approach commercialization.

Thanks for your question! I thing the impact would be very substantial, because it would not only direct capital towards companies that best manage carbon risks, but also would send a strong signal to companies that are not doing anything about transition to low carbon economy that they have to change!

David, this is a crucial point you make. Leadership has traditionally been about meeting the needs of the leading classes. This attitude from leaders throughout history is what got us into trouble as you so rightly said. Today we need to shift this leadership mentality; new leaders need to understand that in a world where we have one of 3 choices: mitigate, adapt or suffer, they are no longer leading for their class, they must lead for the people and thereby serve the people. Leading the way it has always been done, will only get us to ever more critical conditions and suffering. A “leadershift” towards leading through empathy rather than through competition and bottom line results is essential for action towards mitigation and adaptation and away from suffering.

Hi Elina. Phase out fossil fuels by 2025 and renewables 50% of energy mix and efficiency 50% by 2030! Besides that the electrification of cars by 2030 as long as power shift has happened.

In terms of financial outlook companies that follow SDGs closely tend to outperform those who don't, especially over longer time periods. Governance is a big part of many of the SDGs and therefore, better alignment with SDGs tend to correlate with better governance. Company culture is a little bit trickier to describe in terms of raw data points, but if we were to make an assumption, a place where equality is a priority, which treat their workforce in a respectful manner and that has a better environmental stewardship would probably be a better place to work at than a place which did not do these things.

Hi Kristian, our carbon risk metrics take into account not only carbon risk and fossil fuel exposure but also exposure to positive solutions. So a good starting point would be to seek out funds that qualify for the Low Carbon Designation, and invest into those

Hi David, Yes of course we lose money by not selling part of the assortment but it's a strategic decision, not a financial one... So it's worth it no matter what.

Hi Elina! Good question. I tend to think that the best way to address questions like this is to actually not address the question. People who are deniers or skeptics have had too much air time and we give them more power when we engage with them. The images of kids from all over the world and the sheer number of them (1.5 million estimated) really do speak for themselves. We encourage people to focus their energy/conversations on engaging people who are concerned but perhaps not actively engaged. But I’m also open to hearing ideas from other people in this chat.

Hi Gregor. We provide an ability to place savings along with ESG-preferences, if you want. It's not a mandatory choise and a marketing roll out would involve costs. The service is really simple and hopefully will attract and inspire.

First of all I am not a financial advisor so please contact your bank and your financial advisor. However, I will give you some info. It is always hard to know how investments will develop but when looking at the last 5 years and looking at the around 120 funds in the premium pension funds system. 25 out of about 120 have had a better development than AP7 (sjunde AP-fonden) where the money is invested if you haven't made a transfer. The market also avoids risks and not being sustainable and climate friendly is becoming increasingly risky which hopefully lead to more and more divesting from these companies and funds. I also believe that apart from risk and yield saving and investing in line with your values will become more and more important for people.

I'll use the definition by WHO to answer this: Pesticides are chemical compounds that are used to kill pests, including insects, rodents, fungi and unwanted plants (weeds). Pesticides are used in public health to kill vectors of disease, such as mosquitoes, and in agriculture, to kill pests that damage crops. By their nature, pesticides are potentially toxic to other organisms, including humans, and need to be used safely and disposed of properly. And to add: read this article for a deeper understanding of one of the most used pesticides ROundup by Monsanto: http://inthesetimes.com/rural-america/entry/20981/carey-gillam-monsanto-glyphosate-roundup-cancer-whitewash-pesticides

Start off by thinking about how you are investing your money today. Regarding your pensions savings, how are they invested? If these funds are investing i CO2-intense companies, you can make the climate transfer and if you are a Swede make sure to sign up on klimatbytet.se! Also talk to your bank and financial advisors and ask them to find a solution that fits you! Also spread the word in your social media channels. #klimatbytet

Hi David, thank you for your question! Like with all systemic change, I think resistance is inevitable. Those who manage to adapt to the new landscape and embrace change will be the survivors. LEGO is showing the way, and those that are bold enough to follow suit will be the winners of tomorrow. Those who remain stuck in the old economy will be left behind. I’m excited about the new world we’re building together! Thank you again for your engagement!

See below comments with my name.

Thank you and welcome! Please ask your questions here, if you have any. Our participans will stay to chat with you all after the broadcast. /David

This is a reply from Gabriela Bucher: The climate crisis exacerbates existing inequality. Disadvantages that girls and women and girls experience on an everyday basis are made worse in the event of a crisis, even at a community or family level. A crisis of planetary proportions such as the climate crisis has the potential to roll back advances on gender equality if we don’t act in a concerted way. Access to education is already unequal but becomes much more challenging following a severe weather event, families in many communities still prioritize boys for education. Provisional shelters increase the risk for sexual abuse of girls and young women as there is little privacy. Girls tend to come last in many communities when it comes to food and their malnutrition can be deepened by food insecurity as a result of climate change. Gabriela Bucher, Plan International

Transforming two centuries of industrial development based on fossil fuels sadly cannot happen over night--the transformation is happening in some areas and places. Investors with $32.5 trillion dollars are, as a result of the now strong science and the economic arguments, now pointing their funds into the green economy; renewable energy is doubling in penetration every 4.4 or 5.5 years; thousands of large and medium and small cities are aligning their emission reductions with the Paris Climate Agreement as are over 500 corporations and there are legions of other positive indicators from the UK phasing out coal to India surging forward with solar to China committed to green its finance system to Finland announcing carbon neutrality in 2025---before, at and since Paris in 2015 the speed has picked up ..but. but. but...it is still behind what is needed..the gains (except from perhaps renewable energy) are more incremental than exponential and in some areas not even that--sustainable agriculture for example is no where near what is needed to cut emissions and align with the Paris Agreement (and we need all sectors and all countries big and small on board). So we have gone from plodding along to perhaps jogging along and we need to sprint!

The issue is the improper valuation and pricing of companies dependent on fossil-fuel-based energy production. Because the total negative externalities of climate change are not factored into a company’s stock price, there are unaccounted costs and liabilities and therefore the market capitalization inaccurately overvalues those companies dependent upon fossil fuel for production, operation and/or profit. The figure of $4 trillion is but one of many estimates on the potential economic loss in value of the fossil fuel companies. The range can go up to $100 trillion per Citi’s recent study. This helps put a perspective on why the oil and gas industry deploys so much capital and resources to handicap climate action initiatives. That includes trolls on social media to squash these conversations. As with any cash cow, the likely scenario is that self-interest extraction of economic gain until the carcass cannot generate any further income. The best course of action is hyper competition from the variable renewable energy industry to make oil and gas less economically competitive vis-a-vis new lower cost, efficient energies such as Generation IV nuclear fission, mini modular reactors, commercialization ready less-volatile perovskite solar cell, hydrogen fuel cell, energy storage, wind based on aeroelastic resonance, etc.

Yes.. of cause. that's why we can have this conversation! We need to work together to solve the climate crisis and social media is a very good way to connect people from all over the world.

Hi David! All of us are responsible for shifting our consumption patterns and move towards a low carbon economy but for the moment we really need to push governments and investors to pull out of fossil interests and push businesses to shift to a low carbon business model by 2025!

Hi Kristian. A man or woman who is: - ready to put in place the right climate action plan to preserve the US and the globe, - believes in other indicators than just GDP as measure of growth, - stop lying and promoting fake facts - has constructive foreign policies that works constructively with its neighbours and other foreign partners vs radical anti immigration and fascist policies of hate

Innovations in 1) frameworks including policies, incentives, tax credits, cap & trade 2) institutional capital vehicles that remove frictions for investors to invest, 3) crowdfunding to unlock individual donors to collectively make a global impact, 4) implementation solutions that capitalized on exponential technologies to substantially decrease the CapEx and OpEx of upstream, mid stream and downstream of variable renewable energies, 5) climate change adaptations that help cities and nations to become more resilient and sustainable to hurricanes, floods, wild fires, sea level rise, drought, mass migration and national security threats.

I think this time round climate concern is shifting from being the preoccupation of the few, perhaps committed environmentalists, to the many or certainly more people from different walks of life--the children and youth coming out in such numbers supported in many cases by their parents and the middle classes joining groups like Extinction Rebellion. Awareness is also growing in many developing countries too. Meanwhile, the impacts of climate change are starting to be felt and touching many peoples lives--you can now see manifestations of climate change whereas before perhaps the problem was the build up of an invisible gas that felt far removed from peoples lives. Finally, there are a growing numbers of cities, regions, states, provinces, businesses and investors pushing forward and creating (if not a noise) a sense that we need stepped up action and that is also percolating into awareness at work and beyond. Finally, finally I get the feeling in some places people are genuinely feeling that the system the world has right now is off track across a range of social and environmental and economic areas and that the interests of a range of social and justice movements are aligning with the existential threat of climate change but also species loss; plastics and other forms of pollution and so on--(long answer to a short but important question and others may have more insightful views!!)

I really hope we can build awareness of the need for real action everywhere and finally nail the myth that action on climate change and sustainability generally is some kind of trade between lifting people out of poverty and economic development (I hesitate around the word growth). But also to make people feel that by joining hands they can genuinely make a difference--people give governments, local authorities and companies/investors the license to operate. The public/citizens/consumers can exercise enormous power--instead of waiting for governments or enlightened mayors/CEOs to act or act too feebly, the public should exercise their power at the ballot box #VoteEarth in city elections, in shareholder meetings and in what they buy or do not buy. That is the kind of citizen-led change I would like to see and it could dramatically shift the needle away from trashing and mining our planet to one that is properly managed, cared for and able to function now and for generations to come

Welcome Mauricio!

Hi Gregor, you are right. We have to hold countries accountable. They must underpin their policies with real action and political will on climate. If you are interested in possible solutions have a look at our Climate Emergency Plan: https://www.clubofrome.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/COR_Climate-Emergency-Plan-final-pages.pdf

Hi Kristian, The decision to have a child (or not) is a very personal one that can only be answered by the people making the decision. From a climate mitigation perspective, we should address this at the collective level and the best way to do this is to support the education and employment of women and girls. For more information on these difficult discussions and decisions, i recommend checking out the groups that are directly addressing this question: including #birthstrike and Conceivable Future.

I talk to a lot of parents and I think it’s normal for people to feel some guilt or shame about the issue. But I also like the saying (that I heard from one of my colleagues): “it’s not our fault, but it is our responsibility”. I think the best way to deal with these feelings is to get involved in climate action. This can be in your home, in your community or politically. You can connect directly with our work and other concerned parents at ourkidsclimate.org. I also run a legacy storytelling project where people share their concerns, hopes and actions at DearTomorrow.org

Thanks, Peter, looking forward to this!

Moses, please see Nick Nutall’s response in this thread! ☝🏻

The irony of capital is this: startups and NGOs need capital from> venture capital and private equity need capital from> institutional investors (pension, investments, insurance, REITS) need capital from> UHNWI/ family offices need capital from> UHNWI and institutional investors. Everyone is constantly chasing each others’ tails. Normative statements on the need is a given. The issue is how do we crack the capital issue so that the multi-faceted pool of investors want to invest in impact. Refer to my Forbes article: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesnycouncil/2019/05/28/scaling-impact-investing-to-trillions/#57e249c77bb8

David, you have done a great job managing the chat, thank you.