No such thing as "sustainable aviation fuel" - or any other biofuel ...
To the Secretary of State for Energy ... Many companies, agencies and Government departments claim that biofuels will make a substantial contribution to cutting GHG emissions, especially in their use for “sustainable aviation fuel”. Can I just check you are aware of the following points. The numbers of course need to be checked.
•Current biofuels for aviation are made from waste cooking oil, municipal waste and woody biomass. If not used for aviation fuel, these materials would be used for other purposes, mostly burning for energy production. If no longer available for those purposes, those needs have to be met from alternative, fossil fuels. So every ton of biofuel burnt simply shifts the burning of fossil fuel from one use (aviation) to another(power generation/other). The UK already imports 8.5m tons/year of wood chips for power production. Burning 50year-old wood, of course, makes just the same CO2emissions as burning 50 million year-old wood (coal).
•Any biomass that would otherwise be ploughed back into the land would sequester CO2, so diverting that biomass to SAF again has exactly the same impact on the atmosphere’s GHG balance as burning the equivalent fossil fuel; more, in fact, due to energy losses in the conversion process.
•Global production of existing biofuels–mostly bioethanol and biodiesel made from food crops–will this year be about 170bnlitres(135m tons). At a top-end yield of 400litres/ton or 0.32tons/ton, that required at least~425 million tons of food crops. At generous crop yields of 5 tons/ha, that’s over85million hectares of land used for transport rather than feeding people. For reference, #1 wheat producer Indiagrows105m tons/year [down6m due to the latest heat wave]; #3 maize producer Brazil, a major biofuel maker, grows ~100m tons/year; the UK has a total of just 18m ha of agricultural land; Ukraine’s total wheat production [loss of which right now may trigger mass starvation] is 33m tons/year.
•The global airline industry projects that it will burn over 100m tons of biofuels by2030, requiring over 300m tons of food crops grown on over 60m ha of agricultural land, and 300m tons/year by 2035, requiring nearly a billion tons of food crops, grown on at least 200m ha of land(more than the entire agricultural land of USA).If the industry switches to bio-waste to avoid burning food, that waste would, as above, otherwise sequester carbon, so its use in bio-fuel again is emission-generating. Pre-COVID airline emissions in total were 900m tons/year, equivalent to a Mt St Helens-scale volcano every 4 days. So:
•there is in reality no such thing as “sustainable aviation fuel” or any other “sustainable” fuel(at least until we get to hydrogen from 100% truly renewable or nuclear sources)•the aviation industry and all relevant agencies must stop using the term “sustainable aviation fuel”
• the use of biofuel in supplies of petrol and diesel must stop
• neither the UK nor any other Government should recognise any Standard or Certification for SAF, for SAF-fuelled air travel, or for any biofuel.