Electric cars, stationary energy storage, solar and wind power, heat pumps and – hydrogen. That is what is required to transform the earth into a sustainable energy economy, according to Tesla. All at a cost of about 10 trillion dollars. On the night of Thursday, Tesla CEO Elon Musk presented his long-awaited Master Plan part three. The first two parts, from 2006 and 2016 respectively, were about first building expensive cars to finance the development of the cheaper ones, offering solar cell solutions for roofs and developing self-driving vehicles. Large-scale electrification: It was known in advance that part three would be about how Tesla will scale up its business. The very basic problem that the company says it wants to solve concerns how the world should change from a society based on burning fossil fuels to one that is sustainable, which according to Tesla means electrified. Currently, the world uses 165 PWh of energy per year, of which 80 percent is of fossil origin. Only a third of the energy is used, the rest disappears as losses. By changing to a "sustainable energy economy", i.e. more or less total electrification, the energy requirement can be reduced to about half because the losses are so much smaller. To carry out the changeover, 240 TWh of energy storage in the form of batteries and 30 TW of new solar and wind power is required. By comparison, in 2022 the world was expected to produce lithium-ion cells with a storage capacity of just under 600 GWh, i.e. 0.25 percent of the demand predicted by Tesla (note that the figure 600 GWh applies to production during one year). As for the installed power for solar and wind power, it is increasing sharply, but from low levels. At the end of 2021, it amounted to around 1.5 TW, i.e. five percent of what Tesla believes needs to be added. All these new wind turbines and solar cells don't need very much land either, less than 0.2 percent of the Earth's total land area, according to Tesla. Five-point program The company has broken down the path to the sustainable energy economy into five sub-steps. Reinforcement of the existing electricity grid with renewable electricity production: It will require 24 TWh of stationary storage and 10 TW of solar and wind power. The investment in manufacturing required amounts to 0.8 trillion dollars. Shift to electric vehicles: 115 TWh of vehicle batteries and stationary storage, 4 TW of solar and wind at a cost of $7 trillion. Heat pumps for heating instead of burning fossil fuels: Requires 6 TWh of stationary battery storage, 5 TW of solar and wind power and costs $0.3 trillion. Electrify industry's high process temperature needs: Requires 48 TWh of stationary battery storage, 6 TW of solar and wind, and costs $0.8 trillion. In addition, hydrogen is needed for, for example, ammonia and steel production, which also requires 48 TWH/6 TW but at a cost of 1 trillion dollars. Electrify aircraft and ships: Requires 44 TWh of batteries and stationary battery storage, 4 TW of solar and wind power and costs SEK 0.8 trillion. A concern about the transition to an electrified society is usually about an increased need for raw material extraction. But Tesla concludes that the need is decreasing. Currently, the world extracts 68 gigatons of raw materials, with fossil fuels accounting for 18 of them. After conversion, the total need has been reduced to 54 gigatons, of which only four are materials for the sustainable economy. - Nickel can be a challenge, but it is only needed in batteries used for long ranges. Most things can be solved with iron-based battery chemistries (lithium iron phosphate, eds note), says Elon Musk. 10 trillion dollars The cost? Tesla arrives at 10 trillion dollars. That's about a tenth of the world's combined annual GDP. - If we spread it out over ten years, it will be 1 percent. These are not large numbers in relation to the world economy, says Elon Musk. He says he wants to instill hope and faith in the future with Master Plan part three. - It is based on physics and real calculations, not wishful thinking. https://www.nyteknik.se/elon-musk-tesla/master-plan-del-tre-ar-har-sa-vill-tesla-stalla-om-varlden/2010859